CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 1 You do your part. We’ll do ours. 1-800-222-TIPS (8477) Awareness Guide 35 years of solving and preventing crime in Nova Scotia
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CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 5 February 4th, 2022 Mr. John O’Reilly President Dear John: On behalf of the 87 Crime Stoppers programs that serve all Canadian communities I wish to congratulate you on the 35th Anniversary of Crime Stoppers in Nova Scotia. The foundation of Crime Stoppers remains the partnership between the community, law enforcement and media. Crime Stoppers works to educate the public and create awareness on illegal activities to help promote the Canadian values of safety, empowerment and inclusion. In these challenging times Crime Stoppers programs will continue to provide awareness and education to assist in mobilizing Canadians to report suspicious or criminal activity anonymously making our communities safer. Crime Stoppers stands united in its vigilance against individual and systemic discrimination and racism. I commend you and your Board of Directors, and all the volunteers that work tirelessly to support our law enforcement partners in making our communities safe. Please accept my best wishes and congratulations on 35 years of Excellence. Yours truly, Dave Forster David J. Forster President Canadian Crime Stoppers Association
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CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 13 I would like to take this opportunity to congratulate Nova Scotia Crime Stoppers President John O’Reilly and his dedicated volunteer District Chairs on their milestone achievement of 35 years of successful operation in the province of Nova Scotia. The tireless efforts of all Crime Stoppers volunteers throughout the past 35 years have undoubtedly contributed to the accomplishment of the Crime Stoppers’ goal of making our communities a safer place to live, conduct business and raise our children. Well done! It is a privilege to work with Nova Scotia Crime Stoppers on their Annual Crime Stoppers Awareness Guide. We are confident that the information contained in this 21st Annual publication will continue to help increase public awareness and further the success of the important Crime Stoppers Program in Nova Scotia. I would also like to take this opportunity to sincerely thank each and every sponsor of our Annual Telephone Appeal. The financial support from residents and business representatives throughout the province makes this Awareness Guide possible. It provides another fine example of the unique partnership between the Community, the Media and the Police, which is the driving force behind Crime Stoppers’ success. We welcome your comments or suggestions regarding this community publication and look forward to your continued support for the Crime Stoppers program in the future through our annual Telephone Appeal. Respectfully, Mark T. Fenety Executive Director Unsolved Crime Publications P U B L I CA T I ON S
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16 1-800-222-TIPS (8477) As part of the country’s first line of defence, members of the Customs and Immigration Union (CIU), a Component of the Public Service Alliance of Canada (PSAC), play a crucial role in protecting Canadian communities everywhere, detecting harmful substances and stopping dangerous goods at the border. Committed to supporting the communities we call home. Protecting water sources in HRM. Halifax Water is proud to support Crime Stoppers. We manage and protect the drinking water supplies for 355,000 residents and countless visitors to our region. Learn more: halifaxwater.ca/protected-water-areas
CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 17 CRIME STOPPERS HELPS TO SOLVE A CRIME EVERY 14 MINUTES SOMEWHERE IN THE WORLD. In July 1976, Greg MacAleese, a Canadian-born police officer in Albuquerque, New Mexico was investigating a robbery/murder that took place on a Friday night at a local Phillips 66 gas station in a well-traveled part of town. The victim, Michael Carmen, was only two weeks from marrying his high school sweetheart, and was filling in for a friend who needed that shift off that night. Michael had cooperated with the robbers and turned over the $36 in the till, but they shot him anyway. Michael died four hours later. MacAleese was frustrated that no one would come forward with information on this crime. He determined that there were two reasons for the public’s lack of confidence in their police department: (1) Citizens were apathetic. In other words, “why bother,” or “what’s in it for me?” (2) Fear of criminal retaliation. Many citizens in Albuquerque believed that if they came forward with information, they might be the next victim. Determined that this case could be solved, MacAleese approached his Chief of Police, local businesses and the media with the idea that to overcome apathy by having local businesses offer a cash award as an incentive for anyone with information to call police. To overcome fear of criminal retaliation, they would offer callers complete anonymity. A local television station agreed to re-enact this crime in September. The re-enactment aired at approximately 10:45p.m. during their newscast, and by 8:00a.m. the next morning, the crime was solved. Impressed with the results, MacAleese sought the support of the Chief of Police to continue this type of approach to solving crimes. The chief agreed that if Crime Stoppers could solve 30 serious crimes by the end of the year he would consider making it permanent and part of Albuquerque Police Department’s fight against crime. In fact, in the next four months, Crime Stoppers solved 300 crimes! Crime Stoppers took off ! And the program grew so much that by October 1980, Crime Stoppers USA had 59 programs. Then in August 1983, Crime Stoppers International was formed to reflect the worldwide interest in this unique program. Today, there are more than 1,700 programs worldwide and that all operate in exactly the same way - with We offer cash awards and complete anonymity. THE TUPSZ OF DSJNF!TUPQQFST! CRIME STOPPERS PARTNERS - THE VOLUNTEERS "Volunteers don't get paid not because they're worthless but because they're priceless." - Sherry Anderson This quote of Anderson exactly describes our team who give so generously of their time and effort to strengthen Nova Scotia communities and its citizens. In the words of a previous police coordinator of Nova Scotia Crime Stoppers, "these volunteers are the glue that keep us together. They are such a dedicated and focused group who want to make our province one of the safest places to live." Without the commitment of civic-minded volunteers, Crime Stoppers could not boast of the tremendous successes its had in this province. This same statement can be attributed to other Crime Stoppers programs across the country and around the world. In Nova Scotia, we ask our volunteers to promote the positive results of Crime Stoppers. We ask them to speak to interested groups and sponsors that express interest in this unique crime-fighting effort. They are the people that oversee and administer the program. They assess the successful tips provided to Crime Stoppers, determine how much a tipster will be paid and they make that payment. It cannot be understated that they are the guardians of Crime Stoppers. And if one wonders if their efforts are paying off, just review the statistics page included in this year's Awareness Guide. CRIME STOPPERS PARTNERS - THE POLICE Sir Robert Peel, considered the father of modern-day policing, penned nine principles of policing. One of which is, 'Police, at all times, should maintain a relationship with the public that gives reality to the historic tradition that the police are the public and the public are the police, the police being only members of the public who are paid to give full-time attention to duties which are incumbent on every citizen in the interests of community welfare and existence.' This statement directly reflects the Mission Statement of the Crime Stoppers program. No matter what we do or who we are, every citizen has a duty to maintain a role in the safety and security of every other citizen. It has often DSJNF!TUPQQFST!NOVA SCOTIA 1987-2022 ...continued
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CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 19 been said that society’s values are reflected in the laws they enact and how those laws are enforced. Any seasoned police officer will echo a simple fact that community involvement is paramount in the service they provide. Crime Stoppers is a program that relies solely on community participation in order that they are another effective tool for our enforcement agencies. One should consider the value of an agency that is prepared to take information specific to criminal activity, assess it and pass it on to law enforcement. And also consider the time saved by anonymous tipsters providing police with their corroborated information. Today's society is eager to know that their tax dollars not only fund police in crime-solving but some of those precious funds should also be utilized to put programs in place that deter and prevent crime. This last statement is especially true when trying to reach our youth as early as possible in order to teach them to be lawabiding citizens. Finally, police involvement is essential to the success of Crime Stoppers. The roles of the dedicated coordinators is that of an advisor to their volunteer board of directors on award determination, providing statistics on behalf of their department and assisting the board with promoting the program. It cannot be overstated that police involvement as an equal partner is paramount to the overall acceptance and success of Crime Stoppers. CRIME STOPPERS PARTNERS - THE MEDIA When approached with this new and innovative program, it was an immediate buy-in from media. Whether it's continuous television, radio and wire news services, print, electronic, the Crime Stoppers homepage or social media, the importance of their support is paramount to the success of any Crime Stoppers program. Crime Stoppers commit to delivering a readymade story to these partners. The role of media has changed from traditionally reporting crime to now playing a role in solving crime. Both the police and the media keep up-to-date on crime trends within their respective areas. Quite often, what may not be considered a valuable use of police resources in one area may be a priority in another area of the province. Knowing what affects our communities can dictate how both Crime Stoppers and the media respond in dealing with those issues. An additional role of media is Public Service Announcements (PSAs). PSA productions on human trafficking, illegal drug dealing, smuggling, and child exploitation are other examples of how they play an important role in the Crime Stoppers program. Like all the stakeholders in Crime Stoppers, the media's role cannot be understated. They, too, help in making Nova Scotia a safe place to live, conduct business and raise our children. The Crime Stoppers Partnership. A final word. Several years ago, one of our former dedicated police coordinators was asked 'what is the key to the Crime Stoppers partnership?’ Without hesitation, Sergeant Wayne Noonan responded in a word, "Trust." He went on to explain that each partner in a successful program relies on, or trusts, the other partners to fulfill their respective roles. Those taking the anonymous calls have to ensure that the information they receive can be corroborated before it is assigned to an investigator. It is of vital importance that they only receive and process real information about real crime. It is important to impress on all involved in Crime Stoppers that this is not a Big Brother Program. The volunteers maintain the administration and oversight of the entire Crime Stoppers program, from the initial tip, through the investigation, to file conclusion with or without tipster reward. (Remember, less that 30% of tipsters want the cash award). Our volunteers are trusted with these and all related activities associated with a successful program. In fairness to our police and media partners, our volunteers are our greatest asset. Finally, Crime Stoppers trust our partners in the media to keep Crime Stoppers front-and-centre whether it is an unsolved crime feature, a success story related to a tip or providing airtime or newspaper space to promote Crime Stoppers with a generic PSA. Their role in keeping Crime Stoppers in the public domain is absolutely necessary for the public to know that there is another avenue of reporting crime. In conclusion the underlying factor for a successful Crime Stoppers program from awareness, reporting, investigation, promotion and tipster payment is having trust in each other's role. Responsible partners will ensure that the integrity of this program will always be held in the highest regard. DSJNF!TUPQQFST!NOVA SCOTIA 1987-2022 OUR NJTTJPO STATEMENT Our goal is to make our communities a safer place to live, conduct business and raise our children.
20 1-800-222-TIPS (8477) The I.U.O.E. Local 727, which is the Nova Scotia Paramedics Union, on behalf of the Nova Scotia Paramedics who proudly serve Nova Scotia’s public in their times of need, acknowledge Nova Scotia Crime Stoppers and all the good work that they do to keep Nova Scotia safe. Excavation & Trucking Office: (902) 678-5780 Fax: (902) 678-1332 Cell: (902) 670-1644 Email: acspinney@ns.aliantzinc.ca Thanks for your support C.C. MacDonald Ltd ME C H A N I C A L CO N T R AC TO R PLUMB I NG, HEAT I NG, SHEET METAL AND VENT I LAT I ON 68 McQuade Lake Crescent Halifax, NS B3S 1G8 Phone: (902) 450-5184 Fax: (902) 450-5187
CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 21 During the summer of 1987, our first police coordinator then Constable Wayne Noonan of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), was tasked to look into the feasibility of establishing a new program called Crime Stoppers. Management of the RCMP had already approached Halifax City Police and they committed to partnering in this initiative. Sergeant Ken MacKenzie was named as their liaison. Fortunately, at that time, New Brunswick had the Crime Stoppers program up and running for just over one year. Then police coordinator Sgt. Rick Daigle and board president Ron Godin, a Gagetown Businessman, were approached as resources on how to successfully establish a similar program in Nova Scotia. Their input and guidance were invaluable then, so much so that our team was able to mirror much of what New Brunswick was doing. Our organizing team were able get the program in this province up and running by November of the same year. We established a strong volunteer board of directors, committed police partners and the support of the media. Literally, the program took off. With the support of Maritime Television (MITV) we re-enacted our first unsolved crime, a murder. Within a week of airing this on television and radio, a tipster identified the persons responsible for this crime and provided information on the motive and how this crime was carried out. The valuable information provided by the tipster was not released during the re-enactment. And like our first program in New Mexico, Nova Scotia Crime Stoppers was immediately embraced and supported by our partners. From our beginnings in Nova Scotia, Crime Stoppers has seen volunteers, police coordinators, media partners come and go but the commitment of our partners then and now has not changed. Our statistics to date reflect the positive results we have had for law enforcement in Nova Scotia and beyond. What is not shown in the 'Cases Solved' section are the actual crimes but we can tell you such serious crimes as murder, armed robbery, violent assaults, fraud, theft are included in those statistics. Also consider that Crime Stoppers tipsters have been responsible for removing more than $17,850,845 in illegal drugs from the streets of our province and out of the hands of our youth. All this has been accomplished with a simple formula of Complete Anonymity and Cash Awards. TO DATE 4484 8761 7080 $5,180,610 $1,245,601 $335,869 $17,850,845 455 $4,301,550 $335,000 165,598 FOR EVERY DOLLAR PAID TO ANONYMOUS TIPSTERS, CRIME STOPPERS HAS RECOVERED APPROXIMATELY %6:/66 IN STOLEN PROPERTY AND ILLEGAL DRUGS. THE AVERAGE CASH AWARD PER CASE SOLVED IS %59/11 THE FOLLOWING REFLECTS THE RESULTS OF THE NBJOMBOE!OT!! DSJNF!TUPQQFST PROGRAM FROM INCEPTION IN OPWFNCFS!2:98 TO THE END OF NBSDI!3133/ AArrrreessttss Charges Laid Cases Cleared Property Recovered Arson Solved Fraud Solved Drugs Seized Fugitives Arrested Tobacco Seized Tobacco S Awards Paid Total Calls DSJNF!TUPQQFST!NOVA SCOTIA 1987-2022
22 1-800-222-TIPS (8477) Take advantage of the $6000 Efficiency NS Solar PV Rebate Plain’s Firewood 280 Anderson Rd., Upper Hammonds Plains, NS B4B 1N9 (902) 499-2122 Proud supporters of Nova Scotia Crime Stoppers 333 Industrial Ave., Truro, NS B2N 6V6 sorensen@ns.sympatico.ca (902) 895-5020 S SORENSEN ELECTRIC LTD ELECTRIC LTD Proud to Support Crime Stoppers Phone: 875-3544 • Email: contact@municipalityofshelburne.ca Website: www.municipalityofshelburne.ca Royal Canadian Legion Colchester Branch 026 PO Box 635 Truro NS B2N 5E5 Street address: 42 Brunswick Street, Truro NS Phone: 902-895-0233 Email: rclno26@ns.aliantzinc.ca
CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 23 Before COVID-19, Annapolis Valley Board members were having a good year. We held BBQs, which raised some funds for promotional material, and used these opportunities to reach a different sector of the public. We explained our program and handed out informative material on the many serious crimes about which we ask for public input. Our volunteers enjoyed riding on our Annapolis Valley Crime Stoppers float in many of the Valley parades and manning a booth at the Annapolis Valley Exhibition at Lawrencetown. Bev Smith has chaired Annapolis Valley Board over the last number of years but has now decided to step aside mainly for family reasons. She and her family have contributed so much of their time and efforts to Crime Stoppers. The work and interest that Bev and Carter contributed to our programs will continue long past their physical attendance. They cannot be replaced, and they will be sorely missed. BOOBQPMJT!WBMMFZ Bob Buchanan District Chair, Annapolis Valley OPWB!TDPUJB CRIME STOPPERS EJTUSJDU!DIBJST As the chair of the Halifax Board, I want to take this opportunity to thank our volunteers for their tireless efforts in spreading the message of “Safe Communities and Neighborhoods, one tip at a time”. We have undertaken this year to spread this positive message that having safe homes and safe communities benefits us all. As a retired RCMP officer with 35 years’ service, I used to see daily how Crime Stoppers tips benefited our investigators in providing that piece of the puzzle to successfully bring persons responsible for various crimes to justice. Our active board continues to promote awareness through community BBQs, events like the Battle of Wits, Stanfield International Airport CS Awareness Day, Police Week and HRM parades. IBMJGBY Les Kakonyi District Chair, Halifax Covid-19 has created challenging times for all organized events in our province this past year. Although events and meetings have been cancelled due to the pandemic, our members remain committed to the work we do within our boards. We strive to bring an awareness of the Crime Stoppers program to Pictou County and inform people about our work through public events and community involvement. Crime Stoppers has proved to be an especially important support system for our local Police and RCMP agencies who receive many valuable tips through the anonymous tips program. Our volunteer members work closely with representatives from our Police Departments and RCMP in our county. We also have excellent support from our provincial executive in Halifax. It has been obvious from the monthly stats we receive that a great deal of work continues to happen across Nova Scotia even during the pandemic. Members of the Pictou Board look forward to being able to resume participation in meetings, parades, presentations, and fundraisers when it is safe to do so. Once again, we will have the opportunity to promote Crime Stoppers in our communities and focus on combating crime and helping to keep our communities safe. QJDUPV Margie MacDonald District Chair, Pictou County
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CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 25 CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 29 OPWB!TDPUJB CRIME STOPPERS EJTUSJDU!DIBJST Ivan Rodenhiser District Chair, Lunenburg Alfred King District Chair, Cumberland Today we are all aware of the pervasive presence of crime in our communities. Unfortunately, many of us are directly impacted by it, and are hurt in one way or another. Whether it be drug related crimes and the related social ramifications, the horrific crime of human trafficking or crimes against person and property. To prevent crime, generally we must build a legal and social climate in which the potential criminal is discouraged from attempting to break the law, and where citizens who report crime are given a safe anonymous venue to report crime without fear of repercussions, and the answer to this is Crime Stoppers. Crime Stoppers’ roll to aid law enforcement brings criminals to justice and keep our communities safe. Law enforcement officers bear the brunt of criticism and violence in our society. At no other time has law enforcement been under greater stress than today. With traditional “old crimes” which they have long had to deal with, and new crimes that have emerged such as cyber crimes, violent protests and general disrespect for property and people. Our board is very fortunate to have Deputy Chief Robert Hearn from the Truro Police Service. Deputy Chief Hearn’s professionalism, knowledge and dedication to the community is commendable. The volunteers in the Crime Stoppers program are the lifeblood of our organization. Their hard work, commitment to their communities and the Crime Stoppers Program ensures the success of the program in their own Community, Provincially and as part of the Canadian Crime Stoppers Program, thank you very much for all you do. DPMDIFTUFS Amanda Morrisey District Chair, Colchester Since our last annual report, the Cumberland Board participated in a Race Against Drugs event at a local elementary school. The board held two meetings in 2020 before the COVID-19 pandemic put a hold on gatherings. With the restrictions this year, we were unable to participate in our usual activities such as: Police Week, Seniors’ Expos, and a parade. With these activities, we would have been able to distribute materials to promote the TIPS number. We encourage anyone who is interested in or wants to join this group, to contact their local police. The board wishes to thank all individuals, groups, businesses, municipalities and towns in Cumberland that have supported our various activities in past years. Stay safe and hope to see our board up and running another year. DVNCFSMBOE Lunenburg County Crime Stoppers presently have ten members who are dedicated and focused on promoting Crime Stoppers awareness in Lunenburg County. It is very rewarding volunteering for this non-profit organization and we are always looking for new members to help promote Crime Stoppers. Our board members have participated over the year in many activities, starting with booths set up at the Bridgewater Mall passing out pamphlets. We participate in the annual Michelin Safety Fair, Michelin Seniors Expo and some of our favorite activities are the Bridgewater Exhibition parade and Lunenburg Christmas parade of lights. Our board held a BBQ with the support of the Atlantic Superstore in Bridgewater to raise funds for our non-profit organization. The Lunenburg Board aim to continue to promote the Crime Stoppers message within the community and expect to have continued success in promoting awareness in the upcoming year. I would like to thank all the volunteers who take the time to promote this much needed program. MVOFOCVSH Ivan Rodenhiser District Chair, Lunenburg
26 1-800-222-TIPS (8477) 2489 Hwy 3, Box 6 Lower East Pubnico Yarmouth Co, NS B0W 2A0 (902) 745-0265 NEW-GORE CO 133 Onslow Road, Truro Office 902-895-9845 www.pattersonsales.ca www.ljpatteronsales.com SEXTON PHARMACY 746 Main Street Sydney Mines 736-3280 Owner: Chris Buckland Sheehy Ent. Co. Peter & Terry Sheehy, Owners Proud supporter of Nova Scotia Crime Stoppers info@sheehyenterprises.ca PO Box 356 Shubenacadie, NS B0N 2H0 758-2002
CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 27 TEEN DATING WJPMFODF AWARENESS AND TIPS FACTS • Dating Violence affects one in four teens. This type of abuse is not just physical, but it is emotional abuse also. • Yelling, threatening, name calling, extreme possessiveness, and obsessive phone calling or texting, are all a phase of Dating Violence. • You’re a Victim of Dating Violence if you are going out with someone who… is jealous and possessive, won’t let you have friends, and checks up on you or won’t accept breaking up? • Tries to control you by being bossy, giving orders, making all the decisions, or not taking your opinion seriously? • Puts you down in front of friends or tells you that you would be nothing without him/her? • Is violent? Has a history of fighting, loses his/her temper quickly, brags about mistreating you or others? Grabs, pushes, shove, or hit you? • Scares you? Makes you worry about reaction to things you say or do? Threatens you? Uses or owns weapons? • Pressures you for sex or is forceful or scary about sex? Gets too serious about the relationship too fast? • Makes your family and friends uneasy and concerned for your safety? • Abuses alcohol or other drugs and pressures you to use them? • Believes that he or she should be in control of the relationship? If you answered yes to any of these questions, it is possible that you are a victim of Dating Violence or Abuse. Both males and females in heterosexual or homosexual relationships can experience Dating Violence or abuse. • Get out of abusive relationships! Don’t put up with the abuse. You deserve better! • Know that you are not alone. Teens from all over the country of all different economical and ethnic backgrounds have been involved in a violent relationship. • Understand that you have done nothing wrong. It is not your fault. • Know that the longer you stay in the abusive relationship, the more intensive the violence will become. • Talk with your parents, a friend, counselor, a faith or spiritual leader, or someone else you trust. The more isolated you are from your friends and family, the more control your abuser has over you. • Alert a school counselor or security officer about the abuse. • Avoid being alone at school, your job, on the way to and from places and anywhere else he/she might have access to you. • Always tell someone where you’re going and when you plan to be back. • Know that you can get help from professionals at rape crisis centers, health services, counseling centers, your family health care provider, or a local clinic. • Remember that no one is justified in attacking you just because she or he is angry. • Do not meet him/her alone. Do NOT let him/her in your home, car, or near you when you are alone. BEING A FRIEND TO A VICTIMOF DATING VIOLENCE Most teens talk to other teens about their problems. If a friend tells you things that sound like his/her relationship is abusive, here are some suggestions or some ways to help: Don’t ignore signs of abuse. Talk to your friend. • Express your concerns. Tell your friend that your are worried about him/her. Support, do not judge. • Point out your friend’s strengths- many people in abusive relationships suffer from low self-esteem. Remind them of their talents, abilities, and gifts. • Encourage your friend to confide in a trusted adult. Offer to go with the friend for professional help. • Find out what laws may protect your friend from the abuser. • Never put yourself in a dangerous situation with the victim’s partner. Don’t try to mediate, or get directly involved. • Call the police if you witness an assault. Tell an adult (school principal, guidance counselor, or school resource officer) if you suspect the abuse but don’t witness it. • Take Action! Educate teens and adults in your community. Start a peer education program on teen and Dating Violence.
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CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 29 WHAT IS BULLYING? Bullying is characterized by acts of intentional harm, repeated over-time, in a relationship where an imbalance of power exists. It includes physical actions (punching, kicking, biting), verbal actions (threats, name calling, insults, racial or sexual comments), and social exclusion (spreading rumours, ignoring, gossiping, excluding). Boys tend to be more likely to bully and be bullied, usually in the form of a physical attack and exhibition of aggressive behaviour. Alternatively, girls appear to be more prone to indirect bullying in the form of social isolation, slandering and the spreading of rumours. WHAT ARE THE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN BULLYING, DELINQUENCY AND CRIME? Delinquent behaviour is far more common in children who bully other children. Self-report delinquency studies reveal that almost 40% of boys who frequently bully report delinquent behaviour compared to about 5% of boys who never or infrequently bully. For girls who bully frequently, close to 31% report delinquency compared to 3% of girls who never or infrequently bully. Research also reveals that children who bully are 37% more likely than those who do not bully to commit offences as adults. Similarly, children who bully may later suffer psychological problems, such as externalizing behaviours, aggressive tendencies, and occasional symptoms of depression. The implications of bullying can also be very serious for many victims. For example, male victims of bullying are five times more likely to be depressed and girls are over three times more likely to be depressed than their male and female classmates. Male and female victims of bullying are more likely to exhibit symptoms of suicide. Moreover, research suggests that the effects of bullying do not disappear with time. For example, the Journal of the American Medical Association reports that “individuals formerly bullied were found to have higher levels of depression and poorer self-esteem at the age of 23, despite the fact that, as adults, they were no more harassed or socially isolated than comparison adults”. Bullying behaviour during childhood is closely associated with future anti-social behaviour in adolescence and adulthood. Children who bully may turn into adolescents who sexually harass, become involved in delinquent or gang-related behaviours, or engage in date violence. As adults, these same individuals may display harassment in the workplace or may commit spousal, child, or senior abuse. The prevention of bullying behaviour in children and youth is an important factor for reducing the likelihood of future criminal activity. WHAT ARE THE RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BULLYING? Significant individual risk factors for bullying behaviour include persistent negative attitudes and early aggressive behaviour. Some risk factors for bullying are also risk factors for general delinquency, such as truancy, aggressive behaviour and a lack of respect for authority figures. Some risk factors are more frequent in children who bully, and they include CVMMZJOH!PREVENTION NATURE AND EXTENT OF BULLYING IN CANADA ...continued
30 1-800-222-TIPS (8477) “Your Atlantic Petroleum, Propane and HVAC Specialist” Mailing Address 287 Lacewood Drive, Unit 103, Suite 140 Halifax, Nova Scotia B3M 3Y7 Phone 902.450.1396 Fax 902.450.1296 Cell 902.209.3157 Web: www.issa.ns.ca Email: info@issa.ns.ca Business Address Bayers Lake Business Park 39 Oland Crescent Halifax, NS B3S 1C6 Lawrence Conrad, CD Director Range Master Tactical Pistol Instructor Officer Safety Instructor First Aid Instructor-Trainer “A Proud Supporter of Canada’s Military Personnel” Armored Mobile Security Training Courier 5 Ratchford Street, Amherst, Nova Scotia Phone - (902) 667-5700 Email - cumberland@cbdc.ca 6757 Hwy 2 Enfield, NS B2T 1C8 (902) 883-2466 We serve all day breakfast! Take out available. Proud to support our Nova Scotia Crime Stoppers
CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 31 trouble concentrating in class and a lack of empathy and compassion for others. Gender differences also exist between the risk factors associated with bullying behaviour. For girls, bullying behaviour is closely linked to abuse suffered in the home, whereas bullying behaviour in boys is closely linked to involvement with anti-social or delinquent peers and behaviour. This explains why harm committed by girls is usually masked and difficult to detect in the social forms of bullying, while bullying behaviour exhibited by boys is primarily physical and visible to others. HOW FREQUENT IS BULLYING? In Canada, studies suggest that roughly 6% of students aged 12 to 19, report bullying others on a weekly basis, 8% report that they are victims of bullying weekly, and 1% report that they are both victimized and bully others on a weekly basis. Bullying surveys also indicate that many more boys than girls report being victims of bullying and almost all boys named male peers as the aggressors. A recent self report survey on delinquency among Toronto youth indicates that 16% of youths in grades 7 to 9 had been bullied on more than 12 occasions during the year prior to the survey. • Physical bullying: Research conducted in Canada, Europe and the United States has shown that roughly 10 to 15 percent of students aged 11 to 15 admitted being involved in weekly physical bullying. Physical bullying peaks in grades 6-8, and gradually declines thereafter. More specifically, this research suggests that boys were twice as likely to report frequent bullying than girls, while both genders reported an equal frequency of victimization. An additional 25-30% of students reported involvement in monthly physical bullying, and unlike the findings associated with weekly bullying behaviours, more boys than girls reported being victimized on a monthly basis. • Verbal bullying: 10-15% of all students reported involvement in weekly verbal bullying. Approximately twice as many students reported being victims of verbal bullying than engaging in verbal bullying themselves. No significant differences between girls and boys were found in this type of bullying. • Social bullying: Students who engage in social bullying are not likely to get caught. Instead, their harmful intentions are masked because the consequences cannot always be seen or heard. In one Canadian study, 41% of all students in grades 4 to 7 reported that they were victims of bullying and/or bullied others monthly. 7% of these students said they were victims of social bullying on a weekly basis, and 2% reported that they bullied other students socially on a weekly basis. Girls are more likely than boys to bully socially and to be victims of this form of bullying. publicsafety.gc.ca CVMMZJOH PREVENTION ...continued
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CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 33 The most scary part of Elder Abuse is that it is often perpetrated by a care giver, neighbour, family member or close friend. SOMEFACTS ANDMYTHS ABOUTELDERABUSE Fact • Victims and abusers come from all geographic, economic, social and cultural backgrounds. • Victims may not disclose abuse because they feel ashamed, guilty, fearful, or they wish to protect the abuser. •Victims often rationalize their abuse by blaming themselves in the belief that they once hurt the abuser. Myth • Older people could leave if they want to. • Spousal abuse stops at the age of 60. • Older people are usually sick, frail and need care. Older members of our community are often more vulnerable to abuse, especially those who rely on others for some or all of their care. These are some of the common types of abuse facing older adults. PHYSICALABUSE Any physical pain or injury which is willfully inflicted upon an elder by a person who has care or custody of, or who stands in a position of trust with that elder, constitutes physical abuse. This includes, but is not limited to, direct beatings, sexual assault, unreasonable physical restraint, and prolonged deprivation of food or water. FINANCIALABUSE Any theft or misuse of an elder's money or property, by a person in a position of trust with an elder, constitutes financial abuse. NEGLECT The failure of any person having the care or custody of an elder to provide that degree of care which a reasonable person in a like position would provide constitutes neglect. This includes, but is not limited to: Failure to assist in personal hygiene or the provision of clothing for an elder Failure to provide medical care for the physical and mental health needs of an elder. This does not include instances in which an elder refuses treatment. Failure to protect an elder from health and safety hazards. Self-Neglect Failure to provide for self through inattention or dissipation. The identification of this type of case depends on assessing the elder's ability to choose a lifestyle versus a recent change in the elder's ability to manage. Psychological/Emotional Abuse The willful infliction of mental suffering, by a person in a position of trust with an elder, constitutes psychological/emotional abuses. Examples of such abuse are: verbal assaults, threats, instilling fear, humiliation, intimidation, or isolation of an elder. Abandonment Abandonment constitutes the desertion or willful forsaking of an elder by any person having the care and custody of that elder. under circumstances in which a reasonable person would continue to provide care of custody. IS ABUSEOFELDERADULTS ACRIME IN CANADA? Abuse of elder adults is not specifically identified as a crime. The abuse may be a combination of different behaviours by the caregiver. Some of these behaviours may also be crimes. If the abuser has broken the law he or she may be charged with a criminal offence. novascotia.ca ELDER BCVTF House photo created by gpointstudio - www.freepik.com If you have any information on suspected Elder Abuse, we encourage you to report it to Crime Stoppers at 1-800-222-8477(TIPS) or submit a SecureWeb Tip at www.crimestoppers.ns.ca. You can also text a secure message from your cell phone by using P3TIP MOBILE. If your tip leads to an arrest, you could qualify for a cash award up to $2,000.00.
34 1-800-222-TIPS (8477) At Home • Lock all doors and windows before leaving the house. • Do not display gifts where they can be seen from a window or doorway. • Before going out in the evening, turn on lights and a radio so the house looks occupied. • If going on an extended vacation, get neighbors to watch your house, shovel snow, pick up newspapers, and park their car in the driveway from time to time. • Make sure items like DVD Players, stereos, cameras, microwaves etc. are marked with a unique identification number to help police recover it in case of theft. • Be wary of strangers coming to the door asking for charitable donations. Ask for identification, if the donations are tax deductible, and how the funds are going to be used. If you aren’t satisfied with the answer, do not contribute. • Beware of package deliveries where the couriers have the wrong address. Write down tag numbers of suspicious delivery attempts. • Prevent children from playing with tree lights and/or electric connections. When Shopping • Be careful of people loitering around parking garages, parking lots, and outside of stores. Go the other way. • Never park in an unlit lot, no matter how convenient it is. • Shop before dark if possible. • Lock doors and close windows even if planning to be gone for only a few minutes. • Lock packages in trunk. • Check interior of car before getting in, esp. back seats. • Park near street lights, and have keys in hand when you return to your car. • Don’t carry excess credit cards. Keep credit card numbers recorded & keep this information in a safe place. • Carry purse under arm and keep wallet in inside pockets, not in back of trousers. • Teach children to go to a store clerk or security guard if they get separated from you. • They should never go into a parking lot alone. CRIME QSFWFOUJPO!TIPS • Keep purse, wallet, keys, or other valuable items with you at all times, or locked in a drawer or closet. • Check identity of any strangers who are in your office - ask whom they are visiting and if you can help them find that person. If this makes you uncomfortable, inform security or management about your suspicions. • Always let someone know where you’ll be - whether it’s coming in late, working late, going to the photocopier or mail room, going out to lunch or a meeting. • Report any broken or flickering lights, dimly lit corridors, doors that don’t lock properly, or broken windows. Don’t wait for someone else to do it. • Be discreet. Don’t advertise your social life or vacation plans and those of your co-workers to people visiting or calling your place of work. • Stairwells and out-of-the-way corridors - Don’t use the stairs when alone. Talk to the building manager about improving poorly lighted corridors and stairways. • Elevators - Don’t get into elevators with people who look out of place or behave in a strange or threatening manner. If you find yourself in an elevator with someone who makes you nervous, get off as soon as possible. • Restrooms - Attackers can hide in stalls and corners. Make sure restrooms are locked and only employees have keys. Be extra cautious when using restrooms that are isolated or poorly lighted. • After hours - don’t work late alone. Create a buddy system for walking to the parking lots or public transportation, or ask security to escort you. • Parking lots or Garages - Choose a well-lighted, well-guarded parking garage. Always lock your vehicle and roll the windows all the way up. If you notice any strangers hanging around the parking lot, notify security or the police. When you approach your car, have the key ready. Check the floor of both the front, and the back seats before getting in your car. Lock your car as soon as you get in- before you buckle your seat belt. Help Prevent Office Theft andOther RelatedCrimes
CRIMESTOPPERS.NS.CA 35 WHAT IS HUMAN TRAFFICKING? Human Trafficking is defined as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by various means of coercion, force, fraud, or the abuse of power, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation typically includes sexual exploitation, forced labour, involuntary servitude, or slavery. The clandestine nature of Human Trafficking makes it difficult to ascertain its true magnitude. The United Nations however has estimated that over 800,000 persons are trafficked annually. Other organizations have put the estimated totals even higher than this. It is also estimated that more than half of people who are trafficked annually are children! Child victims of trafficking are often exploited for sexual purposes, including prostitution, pornography and sex tourism. They are also exploited for forced labour, including domestic servitude, sweatshop factory work and migrant farming. VICTIMSOFTRAFFICKINGCANBEFOUND IN: • Commercial sex or prostitution • Nannies or servants • Sweatshop factories • Construction • Farming or landscaping WHERE DOES IT OCCUR? DON’T CLOSE YOUR EYES TO HUMAN TRAFFICKING. Certainly experience has shown that Human Trafficking occurs in our major cities across Canada, however it is not exclusively restricted there. Wherever there is a demand for any of the services referred to in the previous list, it is conceivable victims can be found there as well. Perhaps in your own community! Please don’t close your eyes to Human Trafficking. If you suspect or know of Human Trafficking activity, please contact your local Police, or if you wish to remain anonymous, call your local Crime Stoppers. ROOT CAUSES. Some of the main causes for trafficking persons into Canada include: an increasing demand for low cost labour and services across Canada and the United States, poverty, lack of education and employment opportunities and inequality (gender, nationality) in countries of origin. IDENTIFYING VICTIMS HOW TO RECOGNIZE A VICTIM • Speak neither English nor French, or may not speak on their own behalf • Originate from a foreign country • Be unaware of local surroundings even though they have been in the area for an extended period of time • Show evidence of control, intimidation or abnormal psychological fear • Not be able to move or leave job • Have bruises or show signs of physical abuse • Show signs of malnutrition • Be frequently accompanied by an individual who may be their trafficker • Be frequently moved by their trafficker WHAT IS THE VICTIM’S MINDSET? THE VICTIMS MAY: Not self-identify as victims of human trafficking. Victims may not appear to need social services because they have a place to live, food to eat, medical care and what they think is a paying job; Be taught to distrust outsiders, especially law enforcement. They have a sense of fear and distrust toward the government and police because they are afraid they will be deported; Feel better in their current situation than where they came from, even if they are being exploited; Be completely unaware of their rights or may have been intentionally misinformed about their right in our country; Fear for their families in their home countries. Some traffickers threaten that they will harm their families if they report their situations to, or cooperate with, law enforcement. IVNBO!TRAFFICKING THE RISE OF MODERN SLAVERY IN CANADA ...continued
P.O. Box 100 752 St. George Street Annapolis Royal, NS B0S 1A0 Tel: 902-532-2331 or 902-825-2005 Fax: 902-532-2096 annapoliscounty.ca 1334 Cobequid Road, Waverley NS 902-860-0822 Proudly Supporting Crime Stoppers Quality Service from the Heart Providing Full Service Home Care Windsor to Digby & Surrounding Areas 902-765-6777 271 Brownlow Ave, Dartmouth, NS B3B 1W6 Phone: (902) 832-1867 Fax: (902) 453-2635 Email: cupehiway@ns.aliantzinc.ca Keeping your roads safe and clear! Nova Scotia Highway Workers’ Union, CUPE Local 1867 www.stonesrv.com 36 1-800-222-TIPS (8477)
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